{"id":986,"date":"2022-05-05T16:29:42","date_gmt":"2022-05-05T16:29:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ritosaurus.com\/?p=986"},"modified":"2022-05-05T16:38:20","modified_gmt":"2022-05-05T16:38:20","slug":"food-waste","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ritosaurus.com\/hr\/posts\/food-waste\/","title":{"rendered":"Bacanje hrane"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Jako volim jutarnje \u0161etnje po tr\u017enici, pogotovo kada slu\u010dajno nai\u0111em na \u010darobna mjesta poput ovoga na fotografiji. Divim se ljudima koji se bave tradicionalnim uzgojem hrane i u to ula\u017eu veliku koli\u010dinu vremena i snage. Sigurno je predivan osje\u0107aj mo\u0107i zaista vidjeti, osjetiti i okusiti plodove vlastitoga rada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ipak, veliki trgova\u010dki lanci danas kupcima nude zavidan broj razli\u010ditih proizvoda, \u010desto po ni\u017eim cijenama i tijekom \u010ditave godine. Hodaju\u0107i trgovinom kroz redove i redove ispunjene razli\u010ditim vo\u0107em i povr\u0107em, te\u0161ko je ne zapitati se koliko toga na\u0111e put do ku\u0107anstava, a koliko toga propadne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

GUBITAK HRANE I RASIPANJE HRANE<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Procjenjuje se da jedna tre\u0107ina hrane proizvedene u svijetu ostaje neiskori\u0161tena svake godine, \u0161to iznosi oko 1,3 milijarde tona hrane!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Organizacija za hranu i poljoprivredu Ujedinjenih naroda (engl. Food and Agriculture Organization<\/em>, FAO) ovaj globalni problem podijelila je u dvije kategorije: gubitak hrane i rasipanje hrane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gubitak hrane (engl. food loss<\/em>) odnosi se na hranu odba\u010denu u bilo kojem koraku unutar lanca opskrbe hranom prije dosizanja razine maloprodaje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rasipanje hrane (engl. food waste<\/em>) odnosi se, pak, na smanjenje koli\u010dine hrane zbog odluka i postupaka trgovaca, pru\u017eatelja usluga prehrane te, naposljetku, potro\u0161a\u010da.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samo oni koji su radili ili trenutno rade kao trgovci u prehrambenoj industriji svjesni su razmjera u kojima se hrana odbacuje prije nego potro\u0161a\u010d uop\u0107e dobije priliku kupiti je.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Puknute vre\u0107ice \u010dipsa, razbijena jaja, o\u0161te\u0107eno vo\u0107e i povr\u0107e, nejednaka pakiranja, hrana kojoj je istekao rok upotrebe \u2013 \u010ditav asortiman prolazi proces izbora, a proizvodi koji ne odgovaraju standardima u trgovinama se odstranjuju s polica. \u0160tovi\u0161e, proizvodi ne trebaju biti o\u0161te\u0107eni da bi se uklonili iz prodaje. Vi\u0161e od 50 milijuna tona vo\u0107a i povr\u0107a uzgojenog u Europi baci se svake godine, jednostavno zato \u0161to je \u201ekrive\u201c veli\u010dine, oblika ili boje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tek nakon \u0161to je jedan dio hrane u trgovinama odvojen i ba\u010den, kupci dobivaju priliku kupiti proizvode. Jedan se dio hrane s vremenom odstrani s polica zbog isteka roka ili o\u0161te\u0107ivanja od strane zaposlenika ili kupaca. Kada je proizvod naposljetku kupljen, dva su razloga bacanja: istek roka trajanja te ostaci obroka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eUPOTRIJEBITI DO\u201c i \u201eNAJBOLJE UPOTRIJEBITI DO\u201c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Kada govorimo o roku trajanja, dva su bitna pojma koje je potrebno razlikovati: \u201eupotrijebiti do\u201c i \u201enajbolje upotrijebiti do\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Datum koji je naveden pod \u201eupotrijebiti do\u201c navodi se zbog sigurnosti potro\u0161a\u010da. Rije\u010d je o hrani koja je s mikrobiolo\u0161kog gledi\u0161ta brzo pokvarljiva i nakon isteka roka mo\u017ee predstavljati neposrednu opasnost za ljudsko zdravlje, primjerice meso. Takva se hrana obavezno treba \u010duvati u propisanim uvjetima.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Datum koji se navodi pod \u201enajbolje upotrijebiti do\u201c navodi se prvenstveno zbog kvalitete proizvoda, odnosno takva se hrana mo\u017ee iskoristiti i nakon isteka roka, ali postoji vjerojatnost da ne\u0107e imati prvotna svojstva, odnosno po\u010detnu kakvo\u0107u u vidu okusa i teksture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Procijenjeno je da u Europi oko 50 % cjelokupne ba\u010dene hrane nastaje u na\u0161im domovima.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BACANJE HRANE I UTJECAJ NA OKOLI\u0160<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Na\u017ealost, nedostaje nam svijesti o povezanosti bacanja hrane i njegovog negativnog ekolo\u0161kog utjecaja. Bacanje hrane neizravni je uzrok razli\u010ditih utjecaja na okoli\u0161: deforestacije i erozije tla, potro\u0161nje resursa, zaga\u0111enja vode i zraka te proizvodnje stakleni\u010dkih plinova u postupcima proizvodnje, prijenosa hrane i upravljanja otpadom. Svi navedeni utjecaji posljedica su proizvodnje hrane i u tom slu\u010daju su neizbje\u017eni, ali ako govorimo o bacanju hrane, sav zaga\u0111en zrak, erodirano tlo, posje\u010dene \u0161ume i proizvedeni stakleni\u010dki plinovi postaju suvi\u0161ni i uzaludni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prema novijim istra\u017eivanjima, energija sadr\u017eana u odba\u010denoj hrani u okoli\u0161nom bi pogledu mogla biti va\u017eniji parametar nego njena masa, odnosno ba\u010dena bi hrana mogla predstavljati manji problem od energije i resursa koji su bili ulo\u017eeni u njezinu proizvodnju.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U Europskoj uniji jedna osoba prosje\u010dno baci oko 173 kilograma hrane. Koliko ste puta bacili stari kruh jer ste kupili vi\u0161e nego \u0161to vam je trebalo? Koliko ste puta bacili tjesteninu ili ri\u017eu jer ste krivo procijenili i za ru\u010dak skuhali previ\u0161e?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U proizvodnju hrane utro\u0161eno je vi\u0161e vode nego \u0161to mislimo. Za proizvodnju jednog kilograma tjestenine potrebno je oko 1800 litara, a jedan kilogram ri\u017ee zahtijeva oko 2500 litara vode.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bacanjem kruha, salate, krumpira, tjestenine, ri\u017ee i mesa, bacamo vodu \u2013 a koli\u010dina vode utro\u0161ene u proizvodnju ovih proizvoda daleko je od zanemarive. Ionako oskudan i vrijedan resurs ulo\u017een je u hranu koju \u010desto ne koristimo posve odgovorno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sva hrana koju bacimo danas trebala je biti uzgojena, zalijevana ili hranjena, skladi\u0161tena prema propisanim standardima, transportirana. Gorivo i cestarina, kao i pla\u0107e trgovaca i svih ostalih sudionika uklju\u010denih u proces proizvodnje i prijenosa hrane, trebali su biti pla\u0107eni. Mnogo nevidljivih faktora na koje zaboravljamo donijelo je hranu na na\u0161e tanjure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U idu\u0107em tekstu vidjet \u0107emo kako mo\u017eemo smanjiti koli\u010dinu ba\u010dene hrane u svojem domu primjenju\u0107i samo nekoliko vrlo jednostavnih koraka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Literatura<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hall K. D., Guo J., Dore M., Chow C. C. (2009): The Progressive Increase of Food Waste in America and Its Environmental Impact. PLoS ONE<\/em> 4(11): 7940<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schanes K., Dobernig K., G\u00f6zet B. (2018): Food waste matters – A systematic review of household food waste practices and their policy implications. Journal of Cleaner Production<\/em> 182: 978-991<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Von Massow M., Parizeau K., Gallant M., Wickson M., Haines J., Ma D. W. L., Wallace A., Carroll N., Duncan A. M. (2019): Valuing the Multiple Impacts of Household Food Waste. Frontiers in Nutrition <\/em>6: 143<\/p>\n\n\n\n

http:\/\/www.fao.org\/food-loss-and-food-waste\/en\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.food.gov.uk<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/international<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

I just love morning walks on markets, especially when I stumble upon magical places, like the one in the photograph. I admire people who grow their food in a traditional way, investing their time and strength in it. It must be a fulfilling sensation to really see, taste, and enjoy the fruits of your work.… Read More »Bacanje hrane<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":987,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"left","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"[\"title\",\"meta\",\"content\",\"comments\"]","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nFood waste - Ritosaurus<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"An estimated one-third of food produced globally is unused every year, equaling a total of 1.3 billion tonnes! 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